Session 1 explores the role of innovation in addressing complex urban challenges, emphasizing systems and design thinking approaches. Innovation, defined as "creative destruction," plays a crucial role in enhancing urban resilience and quality of life. Systems thinking provides a holistic view by examining interconnections within urban systems, while design thinking uses empathy and iteration to develop user-centered solutions. The integration of these approaches helps address issues such as climate resilience, waste management, and digital transformation in urban services. A notable example is the India Smart Cities Fellowship Program, which trained professionals to apply these methods, resulting in the development of digital tools for urban administrators and 35 impactful projects. Through this blend of methodologies, the document illustrates how innovation can effectively tackle the multifaceted challenges of urban ecosystems.